A Primer on Pituitary Injury for the Reproductive Endocrinologist: Simmonds disease, Sheehan’s syndrome, Traumatic injury, Dahan’ s syndrome, Pituitary Apoplexy and Lymphocytic Hypophysitis
نویسندگان
چکیده
The pituitary gland plays a critical role in reproduction. In response to the hypothalamus the anterior pituitary secretes prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Adreno corticotropic hormone (ACTH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone. Dysregulation in these hormones often lead to reproductive failure. Therefore, understanding of the mechanisms of pituitary injury is critical for the reproductive endocrinologist. Several modes of pituitary injury have been noted. Their pathophysiology will be discussed so that a proper differential diagnosis can be developed and the resultant mechanism diagnosed.
منابع مشابه
A primer on pituitary injury for the reproductive endocrinologist: a proper differential diagnosis can be developed and the resultant mechanism diagnosed
Sheehan’s syndrome was first described in 1937 [1]. Owing to the hormonal requirements of pregnancy and the post partum state the pituitary gland undergoes hypertrophy and is more susceptible to injury. The pituitary gland is supplied with blood from the circle of Willis; a vascular anastamosis caused by the confluence of the end-vessels of the right and left anterior middle and posterior cereb...
متن کاملPituitary apoplexy in association with lymphocytic hypophysitis.
Pituitary apoplexy has been recognised much more frequently since the introduction of CT and MRI scanning. Lymphocytic hypophysitis has been increasingly diagnosed in recent years. A case of pituitary apoplexy occurring in a patient with lymphocytic hypophysitis as part of a polyglandular syndrome is reported. This combination does not appear to have been previously reported. The pituitary haem...
متن کاملFasting intolerance and recurrent hypoglycemia: Ponder for Sheehan's
Sir, Sheehan’s syndrome is a clinical entity, which occurs because of pituitary apoplexy after severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). This syndrome is uncommon to be picked up in the early postpartum period. We describe a case of Sheehan’s syndrome, who presented because of recurrent hypoglycemia with shock 3 months after PPH in her last delivery. The presentation of Sheehan’s syndrome with recurr...
متن کاملApoplectic lymphocytic hypophysitis
headache, vision loss, and ophthalmoplegia from pituitary hemorrhage or infarction characterize pituitary apoplexy,1,3,6–8 and MR imaging of the brain often demonstrates a pituitary mass with heterogeneous signal due to the presence of blood.7 Apoplexy typically occurs in a previously unrecognized pituitary adenoma, but it can also occur when the pituitary gland is normal. Various precipitating...
متن کاملLymphocytic hypophysitis presenting as pituitary apoplexy in a male.
CMYK363 with bromocriptine and prepared for surgery. A right frontal craniotomy using subfrontal approach was performed. Upon incising the diaphragma sellae 5–7 ml of necrotic material was excised. Postoperatively, the patient developed frank diabetes insipidus that needed aqueous vasopressin treatment. His visual acuity did not improve. Haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections from the biopsy s...
متن کامل